C# 3.0 OR工具介绍
先发布一则消息。Orcas Beta1, 这个才是beta1,可以到http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=f10fb5df-e369-4db4-b9a7-845dbf793368&DisplayLang=en 下载。5月1号的版本。最早4月19号就出来过一个,只是没有在意。还有一个http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=36b6609e-6f3d-40f4-8c7d-ad111679d8dc&DisplayLang=en 。 一个是self-extracting 版本的,一个是Virtual PC version的。不知道什么区别。没有装过。
本节舍去原来的计划,而改讲映射工具。在入门三一文中,我们提到了sqlmetal这个工具。http://www.cnblogs.com/126/archive/2006/09/06/492332.html sqlmetal的功能是将数据库的信息抽提出来,生成映射代码。Orcas还有另外一个工具,就是O/R Designer.
先讲sqlmetal. 自上次的版本后,sqlmetal,又增加了一些新的功能。比如,支持SQLCE版本的Sql Server, 支持直接输入connection string, 等等。 这是sqlmetal的帮助信息,是不是比上次多了很多?
Microsoft (R) Database Mapping Generator 2008 Beta 2 version 1.00.20612
for Microsoft (R) .NET Framework version 3.5
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
SqlMetal [options] [<input file>]
Generates code and mapping for the LINQ to SQL component of the .NET framework. SqlMetal can:
- Generate source code and mapping attributes or a mapping file from a database.
- Generate an intermediate dbml file for customization from the database.
- Generate code and mapping attributes or mapping file from a dbml file.
Options:
/server:<name> Database server name.
/database:<name> Database catalog on server.
/user:<name> Login user ID (default: use Windows Authentication).
/password:<password> Login password (default: use Windows Authentication).
/conn:<connection string> Database connection string. Cannot be used with /server, /database, /us
er or /password options.
/timeout:<seconds> Timeout value to use when SqlMetal accesses the database (default: 0 wh
ich means infinite).
/views Extract database views.
/functions Extract database functions.
/sprocs Extract stored procedures.
/dbml[:file] Output as dbml. Cannot be used with /map option.
/code[:file] Output as source code. Cannot be used with /dbml option.
/map[:file] Generate mapping file, not attributes. Cannot be used with /dbml option
.
/language:<language> Language for source code: VB or C# (default: derived from extension on code file name).
/namespace:<name> Namespace of generated code (default: no namespace).
/context:<type> Name of data context class (default: derived from database name).
/entitybase:<type> Base class of entity classes in the generated code (default: entities have no base class).
/pluralize Automatically pluralize or singularize class and member names using English language rules.
/serialization:<option> Generate serializable classes: None or Unidirectional (default: None).
/provider:<type> Provider type (default: provider is determined at run time).
<input file> May be a SqlExpress mdf file, a SqlCE sdf file, or a dbml intermediate file.
Create code from SqlServer:
SqlMetal /server:myserver /database:northwind /code:nwind.cs /namespace:nwind
Generate intermediate dbml file from SqlServer:
SqlMetal /server:myserver /database:northwind /dbml:northwind.dbml /namespace:nwind
Generate code with external mapping from dbml:
SqlMetal /code:nwind.cs /map:nwind.map northwind.dbml
Generate dbml from a SqlCE sdf file:
SqlMetal /dbml:northwind.dbml northwind.sdf
Generate dbml from SqlExpress local server:
SqlMetal /server:.\sqlexpress /database:northwind /dbml:northwind.dbml
Generate dbml by using a connection string in the command line:
SqlMetal /conn:"server='myserver'; database='northwind'" /dbml:northwind.dbml
因为sqlmetal已经讲过,不再多讲,大家知道它是个命令行的工具,用来做映射数据库信息的,会使用就可以。再接着讲O/R Designer. 新建任一工程。右击工程,选择add->new item. 如图所示:
弹出item对话框,category中选择data,然后选择Linq to Sql Class, 如图所示:
选择添加。这样,你的工程就多了一个O/R Desiger项目。在菜单View->Sever Explore 打开Sever Explore,添加一个Data Connection, 如图所示:
后,填写数据库服务器,用户名,密码和数据库名。如果,你没有,你可以使用Sql Express 版本。添加之后的效果,如图所示:
打开刚才添加的DataClasses1.dbml 文件,将Sever Explore中的Customer 表或view拖入Designer中来,如图所示:
也可以将Store procedure 和 User define function 拖进来,会在方法面板上形成方法。如图所示:
如果,两个表之间有关系,OR Designer可以显示它们的关系,将Order表和 OderDetail表拖入 如图所示:
打开DataClasses1. Designer.cs 文件,你就可以看到OR Designer给你产生的映射代码了。
using System.Data.Linq; using System.Data.Linq.Mapping; using System.Data; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Reflection; using System.Linq; using System.Linq.Expressions; using System.ComponentModel; using System; [System.Data.Linq.Mapping.DatabaseAttribute(Name="northwind_may06ctp")] public partial class DataClasses1DataContext : System.Data.Linq.DataContext { private static System.Data.Linq.Mapping.MappingSource mappingSource = new AttributeMappingSource(); Extensibility Method Definitions#region Extensibility Method Definitions partial void OnCreated(); partial void InsertOrder(Order instance); partial void UpdateOrder(Order instance); partial void DeleteOrder(Order instance); partial void InsertOrder_Detail(Order_Detail instance); partial void UpdateOrder_Detail(Order_Detail instance); partial void DeleteOrder_Detail(Order_Detail instance); #endregion static DataClasses1DataContext() { } public DataClasses1DataContext(string connection) : base(connection, mappingSource) { OnCreated(); } public DataClasses1DataContext(System.Data.IDbConnection connection) : base(connection, mappingSource) { OnCreated(); } public DataClasses1DataContext(string connection, System.Data.Linq.Mapping.MappingSource mappingSource) : base(connection, mappingSource) { OnCreated(); } public DataClasses1DataContext(System.Data.IDbConnection connection, System.Data.Linq.Mapping.MappingSource mappingSource) : base(connection, mappingSource) { OnCreated(); } public DataClasses1DataContext() : base(global::SqlMetalUtil.Properties.Settings.Default.northwind_may06ctpConnectionString, mappingSource) { OnCreated(); } public System.Data.Linq.Table<Order> Orders { get { return this.GetTable<Order>(); } } public System.Data.Linq.Table<Order_Detail> Order_Details { get { return this.GetTable<Order_Detail>(); } } [Function(Name="dbo.CategoriesInsert")] public int CategoriesInsert([Parameter(Name="@CategoryID", DbType="int")] System.Nullable<int> CategoryID, [Parameter(Name="@CategoryName", DbType="nvarchar")] string CategoryName, [Parameter(Name="@Description", DbType="ntext")] string Description, [Parameter(Name="@Picture", DbType="image")] byte[] Picture) { IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this, ((MethodInfo)(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())), CategoryID, CategoryName, Description, Picture); return ((int)(result.ReturnValue)); } } [Table(Name="dbo.Orders")] public partial class Order : INotifyPropertyChanging, INotifyPropertyChanged { private static PropertyChangingEventArgs emptyChangingEventArgs = new PropertyChangingEventArgs(String.Empty); private int _OrderID; private string _CustomerID; private System.Nullable<int> _EmployeeID; private System.Nullable<System.DateTime> _OrderDate; private System.Nullable<System.DateTime> _RequiredDate; private System.Nullable<System.DateTime> _ShippedDate; private System.Nullable<int> _ShipVia; private System.Nullable<decimal> _Freight; private string _ShipName; private string _ShipAddress; private string _ShipCity; private string _ShipRegion; private string _ShipPostalCode; private string _ShipCountry; private EntitySet<Order_Detail> _Order_Details; Extensibility Method Definitions#region Extensibility Method Definitions partial void OnLoaded(); partial void OnValidate(); partial void OnCreated(); partial void OnOrderIDChanging(int value); partial void OnOrderIDChanged(); partial void OnCustomerIDChanging(string value); partial void OnCustomerIDChanged(); partial void OnEmployeeIDChanging(System.Nullable<int> value); partial void OnEmployeeIDChanged(); partial void OnOrderDateChanging(System.Nullable<System.DateTime> value); partial void OnOrderDateChanged(); partial void OnRequiredDateChanging(System.Nullable<System.DateTime> value); partial void OnRequiredDateChanged(); partial void OnShippedDateChanging(System.Nullable<System.DateTime> value); partial void OnShippedDateChanged(); partial void OnShipViaChanging(System.Nullable<int> value); partial void OnShipViaChanged(); partial void OnFreightChanging(System.Nullable<decimal> value); partial void OnFreightChanged(); partial void OnShipNameChanging(string value); partial void OnShipNameChanged(); partial void OnShipAddressChanging(string value); partial void OnShipAddressChanged(); partial void OnShipCityChanging(string value); partial void OnShipCityChanged(); partial void OnShipRegionChanging(string value); partial void OnShipRegionChanged(); partial void OnShipPostalCodeChanging(string value); partial void OnShipPostalCodeChanged(); partial void OnShipCountryChanging(string value); partial void OnShipCountryChanged(); #endregion public Order() { OnCreated(); this._Order_Details = new EntitySet<Order_Detail>(new Action<Order_Detail>(this.attach_Order_Details), new Action<Order_Detail>(this.detach_Order_Details)); } [Column(Storage="_OrderID", AutoSync=AutoSync.OnInsert, DbType="Int NOT NULL IDENTITY", IsPrimaryKey=true, IsDbGenerated=true)] public int OrderID { get { return this._OrderID; } set { if ((this._OrderID != value)) { this.OnOrderIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._OrderID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("OrderID"); this.OnOrderIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_CustomerID", DbType="NChar(5)")] public string CustomerID { get { return this._CustomerID; } set { if ((this._CustomerID != value)) { this.OnCustomerIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._CustomerID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("CustomerID"); this.OnCustomerIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_EmployeeID", DbType="Int")] public System.Nullable<int> EmployeeID { get { return this._EmployeeID; } set { if ((this._EmployeeID != value)) { this.OnEmployeeIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._EmployeeID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("EmployeeID"); this.OnEmployeeIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_OrderDate", DbType="DateTime")] public System.Nullable<System.DateTime> OrderDate { get { return this._OrderDate; } set { if ((this._OrderDate != value)) { this.OnOrderDateChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._OrderDate = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("OrderDate"); this.OnOrderDateChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_RequiredDate", DbType="DateTime")] public System.Nullable<System.DateTime> RequiredDate { get { return this._RequiredDate; } set { if ((this._RequiredDate != value)) { this.OnRequiredDateChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._RequiredDate = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("RequiredDate"); this.OnRequiredDateChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_ShippedDate", DbType="DateTime")] public System.Nullable<System.DateTime> ShippedDate { get { return this._ShippedDate; } set { if ((this._ShippedDate != value)) { this.OnShippedDateChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ShippedDate = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ShippedDate"); this.OnShippedDateChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_ShipVia", DbType="Int")] public System.Nullable<int> ShipVia { get { return this._ShipVia; } set { if ((this._ShipVia != value)) { this.OnShipViaChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ShipVia = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ShipVia"); this.OnShipViaChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_Freight", DbType="Money")] public System.Nullable<decimal> Freight { get { return this._Freight; } set { if ((this._Freight != value)) { this.OnFreightChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._Freight = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("Freight"); this.OnFreightChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_ShipName", DbType="NVarChar(40)")] public string ShipName { get { return this._ShipName; } set { if ((this._ShipName != value)) { this.OnShipNameChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ShipName = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ShipName"); this.OnShipNameChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_ShipAddress", DbType="NVarChar(60)")] public string ShipAddress { get { return this._ShipAddress; } set { if ((this._ShipAddress != value)) { this.OnShipAddressChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ShipAddress = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ShipAddress"); this.OnShipAddressChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_ShipCity", DbType="NVarChar(15)")] public string ShipCity { get { return this._ShipCity; } set { if ((this._ShipCity != value)) { this.OnShipCityChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ShipCity = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ShipCity"); this.OnShipCityChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_ShipRegion", DbType="NVarChar(15)")] public string ShipRegion { get { return this._ShipRegion; } set { if ((this._ShipRegion != value)) { this.OnShipRegionChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ShipRegion = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ShipRegion"); this.OnShipRegionChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_ShipPostalCode", DbType="NVarChar(10)")] public string ShipPostalCode { get { return this._ShipPostalCode; } set { if ((this._ShipPostalCode != value)) { this.OnShipPostalCodeChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ShipPostalCode = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ShipPostalCode"); this.OnShipPostalCodeChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_ShipCountry", DbType="NVarChar(15)")] public string ShipCountry { get { return this._ShipCountry; } set { if ((this._ShipCountry != value)) { this.OnShipCountryChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ShipCountry = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ShipCountry"); this.OnShipCountryChanged(); } } } [Association(Name="Order_Order_Detail", Storage="_Order_Details", OtherKey="OrderID")] public EntitySet<Order_Detail> Order_Details { get { return this._Order_Details; } set { this._Order_Details.Assign(value); } } public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging; public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; protected virtual void SendPropertyChanging() { if ((this.PropertyChanging != null)) { this.PropertyChanging(this, emptyChangingEventArgs); } } protected virtual void SendPropertyChanged(String propertyName) { if ((this.PropertyChanged != null)) { this.PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } } private void attach_Order_Details(Order_Detail entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Order = this; this.SendPropertyChanged("Order_Details"); } private void detach_Order_Details(Order_Detail entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Order = null; this.SendPropertyChanged("Order_Details"); } } [Table(Name="dbo.[Order Details]")] public partial class Order_Detail : INotifyPropertyChanging, INotifyPropertyChanged { private static PropertyChangingEventArgs emptyChangingEventArgs = new PropertyChangingEventArgs(String.Empty); private int _OrderID; private int _ProductID; private decimal _UnitPrice; private short _Quantity; private float _Discount; private EntityRef<Order> _Order; Extensibility Method Definitions#region Extensibility Method Definitions partial void OnLoaded(); partial void OnValidate(); partial void OnCreated(); partial void OnOrderIDChanging(int value); partial void OnOrderIDChanged(); partial void OnProductIDChanging(int value); partial void OnProductIDChanged(); partial void OnUnitPriceChanging(decimal value); partial void OnUnitPriceChanged(); partial void OnQuantityChanging(short value); partial void OnQuantityChanged(); partial void OnDiscountChanging(float value); partial void OnDiscountChanged(); #endregion public Order_Detail() { OnCreated(); this._Order = default(EntityRef<Order>); } [Column(Storage="_OrderID", DbType="Int NOT NULL", IsPrimaryKey=true)] public int OrderID { get { return this._OrderID; } set { if ((this._OrderID != value)) { if (this._Order.HasLoadedOrAssignedValue) { throw new System.Data.Linq.ForeignKeyReferenceAlreadyHasValueException(); } this.OnOrderIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._OrderID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("OrderID"); this.OnOrderIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_ProductID", DbType="Int NOT NULL", IsPrimaryKey=true)] public int ProductID { get { return this._ProductID; } set { if ((this._ProductID != value)) { this.OnProductIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ProductID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ProductID"); this.OnProductIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_UnitPrice", DbType="Money NOT NULL")] public decimal UnitPrice { get { return this._UnitPrice; } set { if ((this._UnitPrice != value)) { this.OnUnitPriceChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._UnitPrice = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("UnitPrice"); this.OnUnitPriceChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_Quantity", DbType="SmallInt NOT NULL")] public short Quantity { get { return this._Quantity; } set { if ((this._Quantity != value)) { this.OnQuantityChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._Quantity = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("Quantity"); this.OnQuantityChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_Discount", DbType="Real NOT NULL")] public float Discount { get { return this._Discount; } set { if ((this._Discount != value)) { this.OnDiscountChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._Discount = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("Discount"); this.OnDiscountChanged(); } } } [Association(Name="Order_Order_Detail", Storage="_Order", ThisKey="OrderID", IsForeignKey=true)] public Order Order { get { return this._Order.Entity; } set { Order previousValue = this._Order.Entity; if (((previousValue != value) || (this._Order.HasLoadedOrAssignedValue == false))) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); if ((previousValue != null)) { this._Order.Entity = null; previousValue.Order_Details.Remove(this); } this._Order.Entity = value; if ((value != null)) { value.Order_Details.Add(this); this._OrderID = value.OrderID; } else { this._OrderID = default(int); } this.SendPropertyChanged("Order"); } } } public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging; public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; protected virtual void SendPropertyChanging() { if ((this.PropertyChanging != null)) { this.PropertyChanging(this, emptyChangingEventArgs); } } protected virtual void SendPropertyChanged(String propertyName) { if ((this.PropertyChanged != null)) { this.PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } } }
本节介绍了O/R Designer的基本用法,下节讲一些比较高级的用法。O/R Designer相对与sqlmetal的好处就可以设计类的继承关系(下节再讲),而sqlmetal 相对于O/R Designer是可以一次性抽提所有表的信息,快速便捷。而且sqlmetal支持一些O/R Designer无法支持的信息提取。
来源:http://www.cnblogs.com/126/archive/2007/06/28/634225.html
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